virtual base classes

In the case of multiple inheritance ,we have seen that ambiguity occurs when we use same name for different functions in two or more base classes. Other Recommended posts Introduction Access Controls Types of Derivations Classification of Inheritance Single Inheritance Multilevel Inheritance Hierarchical Inheritance Multiple Inheritance Hybrid Inheritance Virtual Base Class Derived Class Construction and Destructo...

Derived Class Construction and Destruction

Constructors are used to initialized data members in an object and also for allocating memory for the objects. In the case of inheritance, the objects of the derived class are usually used instead of the base class objects. Hence objects of the derived class are initialized using constructors and if there is a need , the base class objects are also initialized using derived class constructors when a base class and a derived class both have constructors ans destructor functions, the constructor functions are executed in the order of derivation....

TYPES OF DERIVATION

C++ provides a no. of ways to establish access to class members. One such access control mechanism is the derived class are declared. A derived class can be declared with one of the access control specifiers private, public or protected and thus there are 3 types of derivations. The access specifier determines how the derived class inherits the elements of the base class. Public Derivation: When the access specifier for the inherited base class is public, all public member of the base class become public member of the derived class. All protected...

Ambiguity in multiple inheritance

 Ambiguity means an unclear situation. Two base classes can have functions with same name while the class derived from both the base classes has no function with same name. How do objects of the derived class access the correct base class function? Now the program has derived class medical with two base classes, namely student and academic. We see both the base classes have functions with same name, which certainly lead to a problem when a class derives features from both. The derived class will have two different functions with the same...

Classification of Inheritance

Inheritance is classified according to the levels of inheritance as Single Level Inheritance Multilevel Inheritance Simple or single, multiple and hierarchical inheritance are referred to as single inheritance. Multilevel and hybrid inheritance are generally considered to be multilevel inheritance. Multilevel inheritance can be further classified as inheritance with multiple paths or no multiple paths. Single Level Inheritance Other Recommended...

MULTIPLE INHERITANCE

This is a single inheritance connected in parallel, having two or more base classes and a common derived class. It has the tree structure. Here a class can inherit the properties of two or more classes. The general format for declaring and defining a derived class from multiple base classes is: class derived : visibility base1, visibility base2,visibility base3,.....{  } ; where, derived is the derived class name and base1,base2,base3,......

HIERARCHICAL INHERITANCE

This is single inheritance connected in parallel keeping the base class common. Here classes B and C have no connection; they only inherit from the common base class A.if an object of class B only is created in the main() function, then there will be no trace of the features of class C and vice versa. Illustrates Hierarchical inheritance and public derivation #include<iostream> using namespace std; class stud { private: char...

MULTILEVEL INHERITANCE

A chain of single inheritance is referred to as multilevel inheritance. In this type of inheritance, class B plays a dual role and act both as a derived class as well as a base class. When the class B is inherited from class A, B is acting as a derived class. When the  class C is derived from the class B, B is acting as a base class for the derived class C. The class C holds the characteristics of both the classes,namely class A and class...